:the-human-mandible-experiences-mechanical-stress-from-several-directions-as-a-result-of-activities-such-as-speaking,-chewing,-and-other-everyday-actions.-the-tmj-disc-facilitates-mandibular-motion-and-absorbs-all-of-the-stresses-associated-with-daily-activities.-thus,-the-tmj-disc-is-likely-to-be-susceptible-to-rupture.-hence,-it-is-crucial-to-investigate-its-susceptibility-to-failure-and-rupture.-the-aim-of-this-study-was-to-determine-the-impact-of-fracture-orientation,-sample-thickness,-and-crack-to-width-ratio-on-the-amount-of-energy-needed-to-cause-the-growth-of-flaws-on-the-disc.:

:the-human-mandible-experiences-mechanical-stress-from-several-directions-as-a-result-of-activities-such-as-speaking,-chewing,-and-other-everyday-actions.-the-tmj-disc-facilitates-mandibular-motion-and-absorbs-all-of-the-stresses-associated-with-daily-activities.-thus,-the-tmj-disc-is-likely-to-be-susceptible-to-rupture.-hence,-it-is-crucial-to-investigate-its-susceptibility-to-failure-and-rupture.-the-aim-of-this-study-was-to-determine-the-impact-of-fracture-orientation,-sample-thickness,-and-crack-to-width-ratio-on-the-amount-of-energy-needed-to-cause-the-growth-of-flaws-on-the-disc.-fracture-toughness-was-investigated-by-conducting-cyclic-tensile-testing-on-40-ovine-tmj-discs-in-two-different-notch-orientations-anteroposterior-and-mediolateral.-the-j-integral-was-chosen-as-a-measure-of-the-critical-fracture-energy-of-the-tmj-disc.-the-shapiro-wilk-test-showed-that-fracture-toughness-data-did-not-follow-a-normal-distribution-(p-value-<-0.05).-due-to-unequal-variances,-the-kruskal-wallis-test-was-used-to-examine-the-data.-the-study-revealed-that-the-fracture-toughness-in-the-anteroposterior-direction-was-much-higher-than-that-of-the-mediolateral,-indicating-a-superior-ability-to-resist-tearing-and-fracture-in-the-anteroposterior-direction.-furthermore,-the-study's-findings-revealed-that-both-the-direction-of-the-crack-and-its-initial-crack-to-width-ratio-influenced-the-tmj-disc's-fracture-toughness.-the-study-also-evaluated-tmj-disc-failure-patterns-to-better-understand-its-pathophysiology.-the-results-showed-that-the-crack-growth-profile-in-two-orientations-has-a-completely-different-structure.-the-2d-finite-element-analysis-results-also-indicated-a-significant-relationship-between-the-fracture-toughness-and-the-percentage-of-cracks,-demonstrating-that-increasing-the-crack-to-width-ratio-leads-to-a-rise-in-fracture-toughness.-these-findings-help-understand-tmj-injuries-to-the-disk-and-develop-better-treatments.: